MENA region’s role in European energy security

The Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region has always been a strategic cornerstone of the European energy mix, but now it has gained newfound value for the continent as it adapts rapidly to a “Russia-less” energy world. In the short-term, these MENA countries are set to be instrumental to European energy security. How has the current European energy crisis impacted MENA natural producers and exporters? What is the impact on European energy relations with North Africa, Eastern Mediterranean, and GCC gas exporters? How has this affected the prospects for the green transition across these countries?